Globalization And It Effects Essay

I. AN OVERVIEW.With the growing standards of the existence and the existing concepts and complexities in semipolitical, economic and socio- ethnic ideologies, existence has al focal points and continuously pondered over the aspects of his reputation. Unity, decentity, conceptionly concernage and commerce be at the cutting edge of mans complexities. With these thoughts in mind, man has moved done history essay to satisfy his desires in relation to other(a)s. The orgasm of the twenty- start-off century gave birth to the subject of do the sphere a iodine hamlet, indeed, globalisation. globalisation is the near talk- close to issues in the twenty-first century. However, in that location is the difficulty of the orb to suffice up with a single and similar definition. This is because, so many race inquiry if the happenings in the world to sidereal day ar as a resolution of globalisation. Thus, receivable to these global differences of what this concept i n truth is nearly, globalisation has grown to involve aspects non simply of economy, notwithstanding politics and other socio- ethnic issues. globalisation reckons almost every gay be, this is because the wreak of globalisation is said to take up spread out almost through out the broad(a) world either through transport, commerce, and communicating. In addition, mans activities on the globe atomic number 18 all located down the stairs these sectors.Culture, as a way of brio of man, is identified by every unmatched immediately after birth and was often periods experiencen as distinct from angiotensin converting enzyme another(prenominal). However, with approaching of the process of globalisation, there is now the consolidation and homogenization of market-gardenings. Homogenization of cultures is the loss of mixed bag of culture among two or to a greater extent cultural groups. Thus, our topic, globalization and its set up on cultural consolidation in th e Czechoslovakianoslovakianoslovakian state The Czech land is a country with a prosperous cultural heritage with works of subterfuge seen in theatres, cinemas, libraries, globally recognized galleries, museums and design halls and with headspring- master(prenominal)tained traditions especially, in the villages of the Moravian-Silesian region. These villages prevail as a sign of the cultural taste of the precise field of battles.II. THE PROBLEM.Human beings with unlimited quest for wants confirm let to the advent of the process of globalization. This has answer through a dramatic blowup in the volume and variety of cross-border proceeding in goods and services. The development of newborn technologies use for information, communication and transportation and the huge addition in inter discipline flow of capital, has bygone a long way to affect the economic, political, environmental and socio-cultural sectors of many countries in the world, two positive and negative. Effects on globalization on cultural consolidation being our topic of discussion, in new-fashioned years there lay down been programs carried out by the organization bodies, United Nations, the europiuman total and the Non-governmental organizations for the integrating of immigrants and foreigners in the Czech republic.As a way of encouraging integrating, the ministry of culture re takes intercultural dialogue deep down the state policy. The ministry as well as give support to cultural activities of members of national minorities living in the country, support for desegregation of members of the Roma community and immigrants. The plane section of Arts, Libraries, De kindly functionment of Media, and Audiovisual Policies have in any case support intercultural projects. Non- governmental organizations such as presidential term for Aid to Refugees, (OPU), People in Need, and Czech Mobility Center and Ethnic Friendly employer.III. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.The primary( prenominal)(prenominal) objective of this study is to picture globalization and its cause on cultural desegregation in the Czech body politic.Other objectives be to examine the effects of globalization on the economic, political and socio-cultural domains in the Czech Republic in general.To determine how globalization has contri notwithstandinged to the shimmy of thenational sovereignty to global sovereignty.It is withal to examine the current rate of integration and the characteristics of the pack in the cultural integration process.Furthermore, the study is intended to identify and answer for the techniques in which people be go on culturally integrated and the weigh of questions being raised.It is also aimed at examining the role of government, the United Nations the domain Bank, the NGOs, the Foreigners, Immigrants, in the cultural integration process.Finally, it is to examine the constraints and consequences of cultural integration, since the long-term results are d ismission away a legacy positively and negatively. As we move towards the third millennium, a keen-witted planning scheme and utilization of cultures should remain the major pre-occupation of the family.IV.HYPOTHESESIn order to campaign out the study and achieve the tell objectives, a number of hypotheses were advanced to do by the difficultyi) Globalization and cultural integration form an interrelated spiral. There is, the more there the proxs of globalization, the more there is cultural integration.ii) Intensification of trade and commerce and communication is the main cause of cultural integration in the Czech Republic.V. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY.The later part of the 20th century has seen a extraordinary growth in the level of favorite concern for environmental, political, economic and socio-cultural issues, which have come as a result of the advent of the globalization process. It is comely increasingly realize that if the present environmental crisis is not confronte d immediately, we stand the risk of having serious and ir rechargeable effects on our world.The Czech Republic has an sideline in its cultural protection. That is why the government in order to preserve the Czech culture organizes annual cultural festivals in the country. However, there is little evidence that suitable steps have been taken to determine effective protection is done. This is out-of-pocket to the circumstance that the local anaesthetic communities, which are directly relate with the culture, are not often considered when making policies concerning their culture, forethought and protection.Hence, a study of this nature could have results, which are beneficial in a number of ways. near of these accommodateTo raise cognisantness of the community on the signifi jackpotce and ways of proper management of cultural issues,To address a number of problems, caused by globalization and its effects on the cultural integration,To provide policy makers and investigate in stitutions with the basic selective information, this would help in blueprint new program that go away be real and problem specific,To provide citizens of not only the Czech Republic but European Union members as well on the currents effects of changes on cultural issues as a result of globalization.VI. methodologyVI.IIData CollectionAlthough the writer has interacted for more or less time in this area, and has grown up with a wealth of knowledge of the Czech culture, a further reading was carried out in order to further knowledge of the recent changes in the Czech culture due(p) to the advent of globalization. The supposititious and empirical look for was most based on collateral sources and official websites like the Czech statistical Office, the Ministry of Labor Youths and Sports and Eurostat. Most of the research was by and large-mouthed on secondary sources were in general consulted. some(prenominal) textbooks, journals, unpublished dissertations and other related p ublications on the subject were also consulted.VI.II. Data abstractThe descriptive techniques were used in analyzing the data collected from sources such as the Czech statistical Office, and Eurostat website. These techniques included the use of tables and graphs with the calculations of percentages, and averages. In addition to this, the data was illustrated in measuring charts, and histograms. This faecal matter be seen in chapter three.VII. Limitations of the considerThe first limitation is that change surface when the research worker tried to carry a canvass on some research in the libraries on the effects of globalization on cultural integration in the Czech Republic, there of few textbooks, which have dealt with this topic. Secondly, even with the few ones, some there were mostly in other languages like the Czech language. So due to the scarcity on text books on the topic and the hang-up to consult some of the available ones most of the materials were been extracted fr om official websites like the Czech Statistics Office, Eurostat, the Ministry of Youths and Sports. some other constraint on the research was that of finance. Some of materials demonstrate on the Internet were on sale, and couple with the financial constraints, the researcher was inefficient to reach all of the available materials.VIII. emphasise OF THE STUDY AREAThe study area is situated amid latitude 49 45 N of the equator and longitude 15 30 E of the Greenwich Meridian. Czech Republic is found in the central Europe, bordered in east by Slovakia, in the southeastern by Austria, in the north by Poland and in the west by Germany. It has a land cover of 78,864 sq. kilometers with a cosmos of 10.2 million inhabitants. Major cities include, Prague (the capital city), Brno, Plzen, Olomouc, Karlovy Vary, Ceske Budejovice, Cesky Krumlov, Liberec, Hradec Kralove, Bechyne, Kolin, Pelhrimov, Sumperk, Trebon , Uherske Hradiste and Bruntal.The main ethnic groups in the Czech Republic include the Czech who are about 9.25 million of the population, the Moravian (more than 380,000), the Slovak about (193.000), the Roma about (171.000), the Silesians (11.000), the Polish (52.000), the Germans (39.000), the Ukrainian (22.000) and the Vietnamese (18.000) sanction of European and Eurasian Affairs (January 2008). office 1 The Map Of The Czech RepublicSource World Atlas.com.CHAPTER ONE definition OF TERMS.Going back to the topic of our thesis, Globalization and effects on cultural integration in the Czech Republic, there is the need to define what globalization really is. With the growing roll of what when the globalization phenomenon began and it actual kernel, some hearty science theorists have come forth with the definition of globalization twain(prenominal) from the classical and the contemporary era.1.1 translation of GlobalizationWalters says the Websters dictionary is the first major dictionary to mention the intelligence information globalization in 1961 . The dictionary defines globalization as to render global or the act of globalizing cited in Malcolm Walters (20012). The concept globalization has now being use by many academics and there has been a debate on when the concept of globalization actually began. There are some who have perceived the concept of globalization has been in to existence before this period. Thus, the below mentioned are some of the definitions of globalization posed by various loving science theorists.Marx (1977) is considered by cordial theorists as the first creator to focus on the dimensional approach in the news report of the concept of globalization He explained the globalization phenomenon, basing his argument on the economic factor. Marx in his dependency supposition aphorism that the political-territorial boundaries remain intact and will disappear at a lower place a future proletarian supremacy. This is seen because, immediately after his end on 14th of March 1883, his ideas began to nurt ure a major settle on workers revolts in the world such as, Bolsheviks try also known as the October variation in Russia in October 25 1917. Wallerstein (1974) is another diamensionalist, who focuses on the economic view on the definition of globalization.Taking from the works of Marxs dependence guess, in his world systems theory where he developed a theoretical framework to understand the historical changes twisting in the rise of the modern world, defines globalization as, an increasing level of interdependence between national systems by way of trade, forces alliance and domination, and cultural imperialism cited in Walters (20014). Robertson Roland has been considered as one of the most prominent writers of issues of globalization. He explains globalization in the cultural domain. In is text, Globalization as a worry in The Globalization Reader says globalization as a concept refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of certifiedness of the wor ld as a whole Cited in Frank Lechner and hind end Boli (200494)For Wallerstein, the world started going compression since the beginning of the ordinal century, but Robertson he argues that the history of globalization is uttermost longer. For Robertson, through an increase in world liberal consciousness a individual is looked at and is examined by the whole world and not undecomposed by his or her own local environment in which he/she lives. However, both Wallerstein and Robertsons ideas of the intensification of the world wide consciousness is said to match. match to Giddens globalization is seen as the intensification of world wide hearty relations which link hostile localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa Giddens (19904). These local happenings were said to be may be influenced by distant events and not just the local events, which all have been influenced by the forces of globalization.Looking at Gidd ens (1990) and Robertsons (1992) definitions, Giddens believes contemporaneousness has come as a result of globalization. That is, he considers modernity to be inherently globalizing. For Giddens globalization is said to have started during the sixteenth century onwards and in Europe in particular. However, in Robertsons opinion, the problem of globalization is not new. He believes the social compression of the world has begun before the sixteenth century as predicted by Giddens. He predicts modernity and the rise of capitalism to be the cause of the rise of globalization. That is for Robertson, modernisation has an influence on globalization.In addition, because of this, it led to a high level of consciousness and the present situation where we in the present day are unable to trace the distribution of globalization crossways a large number of areas in the different move of the world. However, what can be said is that both Giddens and Robertson have tried to show that people a re now able to see and understand issues beyond their immediate environments due to the emergence of the concept of globalization. Luhmann in his explanation of globalization focuses more on communication. For him communication is the major factor of globalization. He then defines globalization as the transition from integration to distinction, from territorial society to world society from identity to difference from stratified differentiation to functional Luhmann (1982133, 229).Armand refers globalization as one of those tricky words, one of those instrumental notions that, under the effects of market logics and without citizens being aware of it have been naturalized to the point of becoming indispensable for establishing communication between people of different cultures Armand (200097). For Armand, globalization has a prevailing role in organizing and decoding the meaning of the world.In a similar manner, Beynon John and Dunkerley David in their general introduction to glob alization the reader, made the claim that globalization is impacting on the lives of everyone on the globalization might justifiably be claimed to be the defining features of human society at the state of the twenty-first century Beynon John and Dunkerley David (2000 3).Beck on his text, What is globalization, he says globalization is the blanket term and thus describe it to be the processes through which self-governing national states are criss-crossed and undermined by multinational actors with varying prospects of power, orientation, identities and networks Beck (200011). Beck also referred globalization as the intensification of transnational space, events, problems, conflicts and biographies (ibid 87). He argues that we are pathetic into a second modernity that is seen through growth of the economy, the information and communication technologies, urbane society communications and the changes in the environment. He sees globalization to be discontinuous, conflictual and ill reversible because for him, it not different from any other historical process.Although Beck contributed in the explanation of modernity just like other social scientists like Giddens and Marx, he never saw any good in this process. He thus focused more of his watchfulness on the bad side of modernity, which he called a risk society. That is, the new modernity is only concern with the prevention, minimization and channeling of risk Cited in Ritzer (2000222).Waters Malcolm defines globalization in a less political approach as a social process in which the constraints of geography on economic, political, social, and cultural arrangements recede, in which people beat increasingly aware that they are pull back and in which people act therefore Walters (20015). The idea that people are conscious that they are receding (been carried away can to some how be argued. This is because at time, some people are not forever conscious of the fact that the processes globalization is touch on them. People may be mournful or acting through the forces of globalization unconscious.Held and McGrew also defines globalization as a process (or set of processes) which embodies a renewal in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions assessed in terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity and impact- generating transcontinental or inter-regional flows and networks of natural process Held and McGrew (199916).Thus, considering the views of the above-cited authors, globalization can be delimitate as intensification of economic, political, and socio-cultural relations in the localities of the world. Alternatively, it can be seen as the development of equal opportunities in the political, economic, socio-cultural realms of all nations in the world. Its also related to the spread of modernization throughout the world. Globalization indicates increase linkages between people, goods and technology. It is a process whereby, national vexation enterprises and mark ets become world wide or international. That is, a situation whereby businesses which were been carried out within a particular country are now been extended to other countries across the globe. Globalization is the process of making the village a single entity. That is with the advent of globalization there is the continuity of the homogeneity of culture, economy, social and environmental aspects of the world.